The present study examined the effective by performing traditional play “Esuken” in the physical activity of physical education (PE).　We conducted the tradition play “Esuken” in the PE class for 25 (14 boys and 11 girls) second graders in the elementary school.　In order to examine the effective of “Esuken”, we asked children to write a questionnaire about “Esuken”.　We also set out children and observed their transformation.　As a result, it became clear that many children who experienced rich interaction with their friends, felt the importance of keeping the rules, and improved their consciousness for others, and felt that their physical strength had increased