What is disability, and how are disabled people like ? There is no clear conclusion of the argument on concept of disability. On this paper, I would like to sort out these three models: individual model, social model, integrated model - and look into present situation or problems of those models. Talking about welfare system in law of Japan for people with disabilities, almost all of it is individual model based on a functional disorder. It is pointed out that there are bias of disability grade or difficulties in a daily life. Then, social model claims that disability is a social difficulty. However social model could come up with problems that people have anxiety for future or difficulties to get married because of functional disorder. Finally, talking about integrated model in which functional disorder and social difficulty interact together, we can point out that the concept itself is vague since how one sets a value on functional disorder or social difficulty can effect how to see disability. Therefore I will state that integrated model should put its importance on his or her environment.

今日，中学生は，観察・実験やものづくり等の活動的な学習を好む反面，実験結果の考察やまとめを苦手としているため，ものづくりは科学への興味付けや動機付けとしては効果があるが，理解や思考の深まりにつながりにくかったと考えられる。 そこで，ものづくりを通して，原理や法則の理解を深め，科学への探究意欲を育てていくためには，生徒が学習した科学的な原理や法則を活用し，考察を行いながら原理や法則の理解を深めていくような探究的学習を行うことが必要である。それゆえ，ものづくりによって，知識・技能の活用場面を作り出すことで，科学的な原理や法則を具体物を通して体験させた。そして，その過程で生じる課題を主体的に解決していくことで探究意欲を育成することができると考え，帰納的探究学習や演繹的探究学習を行った。その結果から動機付けが効果的に行われ，探究意欲が育成できたかを検証した。