脳性麻痺児が家庭で成長し生活していくためには, 移動や日常生活動作(ADL)能力を高めるために, 居住環境の整備が必要である。今回, 脳性麻痺児の家屋改造の実態調査を行った。対象は広島県, 兵庫県, 山口県等の7施設111名の脳性麻痺児の内, 何らかの改造を行ったことのある39名(35.1%)で, 方法は母親と担当のセラピストへの面接またはアンケートを用いた。結果は, (1)改造の総件数は203箇所で, 1人平均5.2箇所であった。(2)改造箇所はトイレ, 浴室, 玄関, 廊下が多かった。改造の内容は手すりの設置, ドアの改良, 段差の解消, スペースの拡張が多かった。(3)運動発達との関係では, つかまり立ち, 伝い歩きを始めた時に改造を行った例が多かった。(4)改造によって, ADLの自立度が向上したのはトイレ動作, 入浴動作および整容動作であった。脳性麻痺児の家屋改造の現状と課題を明らかにし, 考察を加えた。

Cerebral pulsy children need to have their living environment adjusted to meet their needs to grow up and get active in their own home adequately. This is no less important than their needs for the development of ambulation and ADL abilities. We conducted a fact-finding survey on the 39 families from Hiroshima, Hyogo, Yamaguchi and other prefectures who had responded that some kinds of remodeling had been made for the care of their handicapped child. The result of the survey show that : l) Altogether 203 adjustments were made in the 39 households, that meant 5.2 remodeled parts per one child. 2) Remodeled parts of the house included the washroom, bathroom, hallway and corridor. Works included the building of a new handrail, reworked doors, removal of steps, and expansion of space. 3) In most cases the first remodeling was carried out at the time of the child's beginning to stand and walk. 4) The remodeling improved the toileting, bathing and grooming activities. This paper is a report on the survey about the remodeling for the cerebral palsy children with our comments and suggestions.

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