"Healthy Japan 21" was issued by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2001 and public health activities were taken place in many parts of Japan. The purpose of this study was to find effective public health policy to prevent the lifestyle-related disease and achieve longevity in a city with the lowest life expectancy in Hiroshima. From analyzing the data of investigation of lifestyles and behavior, the health examination data, and their relations, the frequencies of current smokers and former smokers were high and associated with the hyperlipemia in men. Obesity was associated with hypertension, hyperlipemia and hyperuricemia in both men and women. These results showed that smoking cessation programs, health assistances for former smokers, and programs to control body weight need to be developed in this city.