本研究の目的は,通所サービスを利用している高齢者のADLの変化を,経時的に(開始時,3ヶ月後,1年後)追跡調査し,利用継続者と中断者のADLの違い,3ヶ月の短期利用と1年の長期利用におけるADLを維持・改善させる要因を明らかにすることにあった。対象者は27施設の85名である。1年後に利用を継続していた者は57.6%であった。利用継続者と中断者の利用開始時のBarthel Index(以下,BIという)において有意差は見られなかった(P=0.789)。しかし,1年間利用継続した41名中,70%にBI得点の維持・改善がみられた。BI得点変化を「維持・改善群」「低下群」に分類し,短期および長期のBI得点変化の関連要因を分析した結果,両者に共通していたのは「開始時BI得点が低い」であった(短期p=0.002,長期p=0.004)。また,長期利用者では「男性」(p=0.06)が関連する傾向にあった。

We evaluated the activities of daily living (ADL) in elderly day care service users at the initiation of use and after 3 months and 1 year, and clarified factors associated with the maintenance/improvement in ADL. The subjects were 85 elderly individuals who began to use day care services at 27 institutions. Of the 85 subjects, 57.6% were still using day care services after 1 year. The mean Barthel Index (BI) score at the initiation of use did not differ (p=0.789) between the subjects who continued use and those who discontinued use. However, concerning specific changes in individuals, ADL was maintained/improved in 70% of 41 subjects. The subjects were classified according to the changes in the BI score into groups of "maintenance/improvement" or "a decrease", and factors associated with ADL maintenance/improvement in short-term use and long-term use were analyzed. ADL maintenance/improvement was significantly associated with "a low BI score before use" in both short-term use (p=0.002) and long-term use (p=0.004). In long-term use, ADL maintenance/improvement was slightly associated with "males" (p=0.06).

原著

Original Article

国立情報学研究所で電子化